DIREKTIV NUTQIY AKTNING NAZARIY ASOSLARI: INGLIZ VA O‘ZBEK TILSHUNOSLIGIDAGI TALQINLARNING QIYOSIY TAHLILI

Maqolada direktiv nutqiy aktning nazariy asoslari jahon va o‘zbek tilshunosligi manbalari qiyosida tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda nutqiy akt nazariyasining shakllanish bosqichlari, direktivlarning turli tasniflash mezonlari hamda o‘zbek tilshunosligida ushbu kategoriyaning talqin qilinish o‘ziga xosligi ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tahlil natijalari o‘zbek tilshunosligida direktivlarning asosan morfologik kategoriya (buyruq-istak mayli) doirasida tavsiflanib kelgani, funksional-pragmatik yondashuvning esa nisbatan keyingi bosqichda shakllanganini ko‘rsatadi. Maqolada ingliz va o‘zbek tillari materialida direktivlarni qiyosiy o‘rganish uchun yagona tahlil parametrlari tizimi taklif etiladi.

The article analyses the theoretical foundations of the directive speech act through a comparison of sources in world and Uzbek linguistics. It examines the formative stages of speech act theory, the various criteria for classifying directives, and the distinctive way this category has been interpreted in Uzbek linguistics. The findings indicate that Uzbek linguistics has predominantly described directives within a morphological category (the imperative-optative mood), while the functional-pragmatic approach emerged at a comparatively later stage. The article proposes a unified system of analytical parameters for the comparative study of directives in English and Uzbek.