BEMOR NUTQIDA DESTRUKTIV VA AGRESSIV TAKTIKALARNING LINGVISTIK XUSUSIYATLARI

Maqolada tibbiy diskursning muhim tarkibiy qismi bo‘lgan bemor nutqidagi destruktiv va agressiv taktikalarning lingvistik xususiyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Og‘riq, qo‘rquv, xavotir, ishonchsizlik va davolashdan qoniqmaslik kabi omillar bemor nutqining keskinlashishiga olib kelishi, bunday vaziyatda bemor shikoyat, ayblash, rad etish, talab, haqorat yoki tahdid kabi nutqiy harakatlarga murojaat qilishi ko‘rsatiladi. Destruktiv taktika muloqotning me’yoriy kechishiga to‘sqinlik qiluvchi va o‘zaro ishonchni susaytiruvchi vositalar bilan, agressiv taktika esa ochiq qarama-qarshilik, shaxsga yo‘naltirilgan salbiy baho, qo‘rqitish va majburlash bilan tavsiflanadi. Kommunikativ-strategik, pragmatik, kontekstual va qiyosiy tahlil asosida salbiy baholovchi leksika, inkor, buyruq va talab konstruksiyalari, ritorik so‘roq, takror, kuchaytirgichlar, shaxs olmoshlari va tahdid konstruksiyalarining vazifalari ochib beriladi. Bu taktikalar leksik tanlov bilan birga gap qurilishi, ohang, murojaat shakli va nutqiy vaziyat orqali yuzaga kelishi aniqlandi.

The article examines the linguistic features of destructive and aggressive tactics in patient speech as an important component of medical discourse. Pain, fear, anxiety, distrust and dissatisfaction with treatment may intensify the patient’s speech behaviour, which is then realised through complaints, accusations, refusals, demands, insults and threats. Destructive tactics are shown to disrupt the normal course of medical interaction and reduce mutual trust, whereas aggressive tactics involve explicit confrontation, person-directed negative evaluation, intimidation and coercion. Using communicative-strategic, pragmatic, contextual and comparative analysis, the study describes the functions of negatively evaluative vocabulary, negation, imperative and demanding structures, rhetorical questions, repetition, intensifiers, personal pronouns and threat constructions. The analysis demonstrates that these tactics are realised not only through lexical choice but also through syntactic structure, intonation, forms of address and the communicative situation.